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Reflexology History and Principles Flashcards

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  1. Who is credited with developing modern Zone Therapy, the precursor to Western reflexology, in the early 20th century?

    Answer: William H. Fitzgerald

    Dr. William H. Fitzgerald, an American ENT physician, developed Zone Therapy around 1913, dividing the body into 10 longitudinal zones.

  2. Who refined zone therapy into the modern foot reflexology map and wrote 'Stories the Feet Can Tell'?

    Answer: Eunice D. Ingham

    Eunice D. Ingham, a physiotherapist, mapped reflex areas to specific foot zones in the 1930s and authored the foundational reflexology text.

  3. Ancient reflexology-like practices depicted in a tomb painting at Saqqara, Egypt date to approximately which era?

    Answer: 2330 BCE

    A wall painting in the tomb of Ankhmahor at Saqqara (~2330 BCE) shows figures working on the feet and hands, considered an early depiction of reflexology-like treatment.

  4. The International Institute of Reflexology (IIR) was founded by which reflexology pioneer?

    Answer: Dwight Byers

    Dwight Byers, Eunice Ingham's nephew, founded the International Institute of Reflexology to carry on and teach her original method.

  5. Hanne Marquardt is associated with which country's development of a reflexology system?

    Answer: Germany

    German therapist Hanne Marquardt developed and taught a refined reflexology system in Germany, becoming a leading European authority on the subject.

  6. What fundamental principle underlies reflexology's claim that foot pressure affects distant body parts?

    Answer: Zone theory and reflex pathways via the nervous system

    Reflexology is based on zone theory and the concept that nerve reflex pathways connect specific foot areas to corresponding organs and body parts.

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