Mixed Deck — All 332A Topics Flashcards

What is the purpose of a developer (hydrogen peroxide) in permanent hair colour?

Answer: To open the cuticle and activate the oxidation process that develops colour

Developer (hydrogen peroxide) serves two purposes: it opens the cuticle to allow colour penetration into the cortex, and it activates the oxidation process that develops the colour molecules and lightens natural melanin.

What is trichorrhexis nodosa?

Answer: A hair shaft defect where nodes of swelling cause weak points that break easily

Trichorrhexis nodosa is a hair shaft condition where weak points form as visible nodes or swellings along the strand. The hair breaks easily at these points. It can be caused by chemical damage, physical trauma, or genetic factors.

What does the 'level' system in hair colour refer to?

Answer: The degree of lightness or darkness of a colour

The level system measures the degree of lightness or darkness of a hair colour on a scale from 1 (black, darkest) to 10 (lightest blonde). It is independent of the tone or hue of the colour.

A 180-degree elevation is also known as what?

Answer: Long layers or increased layering

A 180-degree elevation involves over-directing the hair straight up from the head or directing lower sections upward. This creates long layers with shorter lengths at the top and progressively longer lengths at the bottom.

Which finishing product is most appropriate for adding shine and eliminating frizz on a completed style?

Answer: Silicone-based serum or shine spray

Silicone-based serums and shine sprays coat the hair shaft, smoothing the cuticle and reflecting light to add gloss and control frizz.

What happens to the cuticle layer when hair is exposed to alkaline solutions?

Answer: It swells and opens up

Alkaline solutions (pH above 7) cause the cuticle scales to swell, lift, and open. This allows chemicals to penetrate into the cortex but also makes hair more vulnerable to damage.

Which brush is most effective for detangling wet hair without causing breakage?

Answer: Wide-tooth comb or flexible wet brush

A wide-tooth comb or flexible wet brush has widely spaced, yielding teeth that glide through wet hair, minimizing tension and breakage.

What does the term 'tone' refer to in hair colour?

Answer: The warmth or coolness of a colour, described as the hue

Tone (or hue) refers to the warmth or coolness of a hair colour — whether it is ash (cool), neutral, or warm (gold, copper, red). It is separate from the level (lightness/darkness).

What is the minimum level of decontamination required for tools that come in contact with blood or body fluids?

Answer: High-level disinfection or sterilization

Tools that come in contact with blood or body fluids require high-level disinfection or sterilization. Blood can carry bloodborne pathogens such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and HIV, necessitating the highest level of decontamination.

What is a strand test used for in hair colouring?

Answer: To evaluate how the hair will respond to the colour formula by testing a small section first

A strand test involves applying the colour formula to a small section of hair to evaluate processing time, colour result, and the hair's reaction before committing to a full application. It helps prevent unwanted outcomes.

What is the 'wrap' or 'molding' technique used to achieve in hairstyling?

Answer: To wrap hair smoothly around the head for a sleek, wave-free blowout

The wrap technique involves combing damp hair in a continuous circular direction around the head so it dries into a smooth, frizz-free finish.

What is the importance of proper sectioning and sub-sectioning for perm wrapping?

Answer: It ensures even saturation, consistent tension, and uniform curl results throughout the head

Proper sectioning ensures each subsection of hair fits correctly on the rod with even tension and consistent size. This results in uniform curl development, even saturation of perm solution, and a professional, balanced result.

What is the significance of the hair's natural curl pattern in client analysis?

Answer: It affects how the hair responds to cutting, chemical services, products, and determines shrinkage

The natural curl pattern (straight, wavy, curly, coily) significantly impacts how hair is cut (shrinkage), how it responds to chemical services (processing time, formula strength), product selection, and realistic outcome expectations.

What does 'deposit only' mean in hair colouring?

Answer: The colour adds pigment to the hair without lifting or lightening the natural colour

Deposit-only colour adds pigment to the hair without using a developer strong enough to lift or lighten the natural melanin. Semi-permanent colours are always deposit-only, and demi-permanent colours are primarily deposit with minimal lift.

What is the significance of hair colour level in scalp and hair analysis?

Answer: It helps predict how the hair will respond to lightening and reveals the contributing pigment that must be managed

Identifying the hair's natural level is crucial because it predicts which contributing pigments will be exposed during lightening, how much lift is needed, and helps formulate the correct colour product and developer strength.

What is the significance of hair porosity in selecting a perm solution?

Answer: Highly porous hair requires a milder solution and shorter processing time; resistant hair needs a stronger formula

Hair porosity directly affects how quickly and deeply perm solution penetrates the cortex. Highly porous hair absorbs chemicals rapidly and needs a gentler formula with reduced processing time. Resistant, low-porosity hair needs a stronger formula.

What type of bond is a peptide bond in hair?

Answer: A permanent chemical bond that forms the backbone of protein chains

Peptide bonds are strong chemical bonds that link amino acids together end-to-end to form the long polypeptide chains (protein chains) that make up keratin. They cannot be broken without destroying the hair.

What is the occipital bone and why is it significant in haircutting?

Answer: The bone at the back of the skull that protrudes; it is a key reference point for graduation and weight placement

The occipital bone is the protruding bone at the lower back of the skull. It is a critical reference point in haircutting, especially for graduated cuts and bobs, as it affects where weight and graduation are placed.

What does 'exothermic' mean in relation to perm products?

Answer: The product generates its own heat through a chemical reaction

Exothermic perms generate their own heat through a self-activating chemical reaction when the components are mixed. This internal heat helps open the cuticle and speeds processing without an external heat source.

What is the underlying pigment exposed when hair is lightened to level 7 (medium blonde)?

Answer: Orange-yellow

At level 7 (medium blonde), the contributing pigment exposed is orange-yellow. As hair lightens from dark to light, the underlying tones progress from red → red-orange → orange → orange-yellow → yellow → pale yellow.