Dietary Assessment Flashcards

Which method is MOST appropriate for assessing dietary intake in a population-level nutrition survey?

Answer: Single 24-hour dietary recall with statistical adjustment

A single 24-hour recall combined with statistical methods (e.g., the NCI method) can estimate usual intake distributions at the population level efficiently.

Which of the following is a primary limitation of using only one 24-hour dietary recall to assess an individual's usual intake?

Answer: Day-to-day variability makes a single day unrepresentative of habitual intake

A single 24-hour recall reflects only one day's intake and may not represent a person's typical diet due to intra-individual variability.

When using anthropometric data as part of dietary assessment, which measurement provides the best surrogate for visceral adiposity?

Answer: Waist circumference

Waist circumference is the preferred anthropometric proxy for visceral (abdominal) adiposity and associated metabolic risk.

A client's serum ferritin is low but hemoglobin is normal. Which dietary assessment focus is MOST relevant?

Answer: Dietary iron sources and absorption enhancers/inhibitors

Low ferritin indicates depleted iron stores (early iron deficiency), so assessing dietary iron intake, enhancers (vitamin C), and inhibitors (phytates, polyphenols) is most relevant.

In dietary assessment, the term 'portion distortion' refers to:

Answer: Inaccurate estimation of serving sizes due to increased normative portion sizes over time

Portion distortion describes how people's reference for a 'normal' portion has grown over decades, leading to systematic underestimation of actual intake.

Which of the following dietary assessment methods captures supplement use MOST comprehensively?

Answer: Comprehensive diet history interview

A comprehensive diet history interview systematically probes supplement use, including type, dose, brand, and frequency, providing the most complete picture.

The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a tool used to:

Answer: Measure diet quality relative to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

The HEI scores the overall quality of the diet on a 0–100 scale based on adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.