Cardiac Catheterization Techniques and Contrast Media Flashcards

What TIMI flow grade indicates normal, complete antegrade coronary blood flow equivalent to a non-culprit vessel?

Answer: TIMI 3

TIMI 3 flow represents complete, normal antegrade perfusion through the entire coronary vessel and its distal branches.

The 'left main equivalent' lesion in coronary artery disease refers to:

Answer: Proximal LAD and proximal LCx stenoses jeopardizing equivalent myocardial territory as left main disease

Left main equivalent refers to proximal LAD plus proximal LCx stenoses, which together jeopardize the same large myocardial territory as unprotected left main disease.

Haziness or contrast staining around a deployed stent on fluoroscopy immediately after placement indicates:

Answer: Extraluminal contrast suggesting coronary dissection or perforation

Persistent haziness or extraluminal contrast staining around a deployed stent on angiography suggests a coronary dissection or perforation requiring immediate evaluation.

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is used in the cath lab primarily for:

Answer: Assessing plaque morphology, stent expansion, and lesion severity beyond angiography

IVUS provides real-time cross-sectional imaging of vessel wall morphology, plaque composition, stent apposition, and minimal lumen area beyond what angiography alone can show.

In which patient population is combined coronary angiography with right heart catheterization most commonly performed as a single procedure?

Answer: Cardiac transplant patients for rejection surveillance and heart failure patients for hemodynamic assessment

Combined coronary angiography and right heart catheterization is routinely performed in heart transplant patients for allograft vasculopathy surveillance and in heart failure patients for hemodynamic assessment.

The culprit lesion in acute coronary syndrome is identified angiographically by:

Answer: Correlation with ECG territory, wall motion abnormality, and angiographic features of thrombus, ulceration, or haziness

The culprit lesion is identified by correlating ECG territory and wall motion abnormalities with angiographic features of plaque rupture such as thrombus, ulceration, or haziness.