Research Methods & Evidence-Based Practice Flashcards
7 cards from real Radiation Health and Safety Test practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Research Methods & Evidence-Based Practice flashcards as text
The Life Span Study of atomic bomb survivors, which followed exposed people forward over decades, is best classified as which study design?
Answer: Cohort study
A cohort study follows groups defined by exposure over time to compare outcomes.
A case-control study of lung cancer and indoor radon begins by selecting which participants?
Answer: People with lung cancer and similar people without it
Case-control studies start from the outcome and look back at prior exposure.
In a typical evidence hierarchy, which source is generally ranked highest?
Answer: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Systematic reviews of RCTs pool the strongest primary evidence and sit at the top.
A study reports a relative risk of 1.0 for an exposure and a disease. What does this indicate?
Answer: No association between exposure and disease
A relative risk of 1.0 means equal risk in exposed and unexposed groups.
The linear no-threshold (LNT) model used in radiation protection assumes what?
Answer: Risk is proportional to dose with no safe threshold
LNT assumes cancer risk rises linearly with dose down to zero, with no threshold.
A confounding variable is one that is:
Answer: Associated with both the exposure and the outcome
A confounder is linked to both exposure and outcome and can distort the apparent association.
For stochastic radiation effects such as cancer, what changes as dose increases?
Answer: Probability increases while severity stays independent of dose
Stochastic effects are probabilistic; dose changes likelihood, not severity.
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