Statistical Sampling Flashcards
7 cards from real Quality Auditor Certification practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Statistical Sampling flashcards as text
In a variables sampling plan using the k-method, acceptance occurs when the quality statistic k satisfies which condition?
Answer: k is greater than or equal to the acceptance constant k_a
In the k-method, the quality statistic k = (X̄ - L)/s (or similar) must meet or exceed k_a to indicate the process is sufficiently far from the specification limit.
What is the primary reason acceptance sampling does NOT improve quality?
Answer: It only sorts defective product from conforming product rather than preventing defects
Acceptance sampling is a screening tool, not a prevention tool; defects must already exist in the lot for sampling to detect them.
A quality auditor selects General Inspection Level II in ANSI/ASQ Z1.4. Compared to Level I, Level II provides:
Answer: Larger sample sizes with better discrimination between good and bad lots
Level II uses larger samples than Level I, providing a steeper OC curve and better ability to discriminate between acceptable and rejectable lots.
In sequential probability ratio testing (SPRT), inspection continues until:
Answer: Cumulative evidence reaches an accept or reject boundary
SPRT compares cumulative likelihood ratios against accept/reject boundaries, stopping as soon as sufficient evidence accumulates.
When the incoming lot quality is very good (near zero defects), the AOQ value is approximately:
Answer: Near zero, because most lots are accepted and contain very few defects
When incoming quality is near zero, outgoing quality is also near zero because the few accepted lots contain almost no defectives.
A quality auditor calculates a 95% confidence interval for a defect proportion as [0.03, 0.09]. The correct interpretation is:
Answer: If this procedure were repeated many times, 95% of such intervals would contain the true proportion
Frequentist confidence intervals mean that 95% of identically constructed intervals would capture the true parameter; the specific interval either does or doesn't.
In acceptance sampling, switching from a single sampling plan to a double sampling plan with the same AQL and LTPD protection will typically:
Answer: Reduce the average sample number but require more administrative complexity
Double sampling reduces the average sample number (ASN) compared to single sampling because many lots are decided on the first sample, but it adds complexity.
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