Psychoanalysis Criticisms and Alternative Perspectives 3

Question 1

Which school of thought replaced the psychoanalytic emphasis on internal drives with a focus on interpersonal relationships and attachment?

Accepted Answer

Object relations theory

Answer

Object relations theory, developed by Klein, Winnicott, and Fairbairn, shifted focus from drives to early relational experiences with caregivers.

Question 2

Frederick Crews became one of psychoanalysis's most prominent critics primarily by challenging what?

Accepted Answer

Freud's historical claims and the scientific basis of recovered memory

Answer

Frederick Crews attacked the scientific credibility of Freud's case histories and the recovered memory movement linked to psychoanalytic practice.

Question 3

Alfred Adler broke with Freud primarily over which theoretical disagreement?

Accepted Answer

The role of sexuality versus social striving and inferiority feelings

Answer

Adler believed that feelings of inferiority and the drive for social superiority, not sexuality, are the primary motivators of human behavior.

Question 4

Which criticism argues that the 'talking cure' relies on retrospective narrative construction rather than recovery of actual memories?

Accepted Answer

The narrative critique

Answer

The narrative critique, associated with thinkers like Donald Spence, holds that psychoanalysis creates plausible stories rather than historically accurate reconstructions.

Question 5

Evolutionary psychology challenges psychoanalysis mainly by arguing that psychological mechanisms are best understood as what?

Accepted Answer

Adaptations shaped by natural selection, not repressed wishes

Answer

Evolutionary psychologists argue human behavior is explained by adaptive mechanisms, making Freudian concepts like the death drive theoretically unnecessary.

(Psychoanalysis) Psychoanalysis Theory Test Practice Test

(Psychoanalysis) Psychoanalysis Theory Test Practice Test

Psychoanalysis Criticisms and Alternative Perspectives 3