PSAT/NMSQT Math: Problem and Data Analysis 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A store sells a jacket for $80 after a 20% discount. What was the original price?
- $96
- $100 (Correct answer)
- $64
- $120
Correct answer: $100
If $80 is 80% of the original, then original = 80 ÷ 0.80 = $100.
Question 2: A recipe uses 3 cups of flour for every 2 cups of sugar. How many cups of flour are needed for 5 cups of sugar?
- 6
- 7
- 7.5 (Correct answer)
- 10
Correct answer: 7.5
Set up 3/2 = x/5, so x = 15/2 = 7.5 cups.
Question 3: The mean of five numbers is 12. If four of the numbers are 8, 10, 14, and 16, what is the fifth number?
- 10
- 12 (Correct answer)
- 14
- 16
Correct answer: 12
The total must be 5 × 12 = 60; the four known sum to 48, so the fifth is 12.
Question 4: A car travels 150 miles in 3 hours. At this rate, how far will it travel in 5 hours?
- 200 miles
- 225 miles
- 250 miles (Correct answer)
- 300 miles
Correct answer: 250 miles
The rate is 50 mph, so in 5 hours it travels 50 × 5 = 250 miles.
Question 5: A survey of 200 people found that 45% prefer coffee. How many people prefer coffee?
- 80
- 90 (Correct answer)
- 100
- 110
Correct answer: 90
0.45 × 200 = 90 people.
Question 6: If a quantity increases from 50 to 65, what is the percent increase?
- 15%
- 23%
- 30% (Correct answer)
- 65%
Correct answer: 30%
The increase is 15, and 15 ÷ 50 = 0.30, or 30%.
Question 7: The median of the data set 4, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18 is what value?
- 9
- 10.5 (Correct answer)
- 11
- 12
Correct answer: 10.5
With six values, the median is the average of the third and fourth: (9 + 12)/2 = 10.5.
PSAT/NMSQT Math: Problem and Data Analysis 2
A store sells a jacket for $80 after a 20% discount.
What was the original price?