PS Surveying Equipment & Technology 2

Question 1

What is the primary advantage of a robotic total station over a conventional total station?

Accepted Answer

It can be operated by a single person without a rodman

Answer

Robotic total stations use servo motors and remote control so one surveyor can operate the instrument and hold the prism simultaneously.

Question 2

In GNSS surveying, what does the term 'multipath error' refer to?

Accepted Answer

Satellite signals reflecting off surfaces before reaching the antenna

Answer

Multipath error occurs when GNSS signals bounce off buildings, terrain, or other surfaces and arrive at the antenna via indirect paths, degrading position accuracy.

Question 3

Which component of a digital level is responsible for converting the bar-code rod image into a height reading?

Accepted Answer

CCD or CMOS image sensor

Answer

Digital levels use a CCD or CMOS sensor to capture the bar-code pattern on the rod and correlate it to a stored reference pattern to compute the reading.

Question 4

A surveyor notes that EDM distances measured on a hot summer day are consistently shorter than expected. Which error source is most likely responsible?

Accepted Answer

Higher air temperature reducing the refractive index and shortening the measured path

Answer

High temperature lowers air density, reducing the refractive index; the EDM applies a velocity correction, but unaccounted temperature gradients can cause systematic short readings.

Question 5

What is the purpose of the 'tilt sensor' integrated into modern total stations?

Accepted Answer

To compensate for small residual vertical axis errors

Answer

The dual-axis tilt compensator measures and electronically corrects for any residual tilt of the vertical axis that remains after rough leveling.

(PS) Professional Licensed Surveyor Practice Test

(PS) Professional Licensed Surveyor Practice Test

PS Surveying Equipment & Technology 2