Project Management Project Scope and Quality 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A project manager notices that the development team has added a reporting dashboard that was not in the original requirements, believing it would delight the customer. This is an example of:
- Scope creep
- Gold plating (Correct answer)
- Progressive elaboration
- Change control
Correct answer: Gold plating
Gold plating occurs when the team adds features beyond the agreed scope without customer request, which wastes resources and risks schedule delays.
Question 2: Which document formally authorizes the project and grants the project manager authority to apply organizational resources?
- Project Management Plan
- Project Charter (Correct answer)
- Scope Statement
- Statement of Work
Correct answer: Project Charter
The Project Charter is the formal document that authorizes the project and empowers the project manager to use resources.
Question 3: During quality audits, a team identifies that defects are consistently caused by a single process step. The best tool to visualize this concentration is a:
- Pareto chart (Correct answer)
- Control chart
- Scatter diagram
- Run chart
Correct answer: Pareto chart
A Pareto chart ranks causes by frequency, helping teams focus on the vital few causes responsible for most defects.
Question 4: A scope baseline consists of which three documents?
- Charter, WBS, and WBS Dictionary
- Scope Statement, WBS, and WBS Dictionary (Correct answer)
- Requirements Document, WBS, and Project Plan
- Scope Statement, Network Diagram, and WBS
Correct answer: Scope Statement, WBS, and WBS Dictionary
The scope baseline is composed of the approved project scope statement, the WBS, and the WBS dictionary.
Question 5: What is the PRIMARY purpose of the Validate Scope process?
- Ensuring deliverables meet quality standards
- Obtaining formal acceptance of completed deliverables from the customer (Correct answer)
- Preventing unauthorized scope changes
- Decomposing deliverables into work packages
Correct answer: Obtaining formal acceptance of completed deliverables from the customer
Validate Scope focuses on gaining formal stakeholder acceptance of project deliverables, not just verifying quality.
Question 6: A quality metric that measures the number of defects per million opportunities is known as:
- Total Quality Management
- Six Sigma (Correct answer)
- Kaizen
- ISO 9001
Correct answer: Six Sigma
Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology targeting fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.
Question 7: When a project manager uses a fishbone diagram during a quality analysis session, they are identifying:
- Risk probabilities
- Root causes of defects (Correct answer)
- Stakeholder communication needs
- Work package dependencies
Correct answer: Root causes of defects
A fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram is a cause-and-effect tool used to identify the root causes contributing to a quality problem.
Project Management Project Scope and Quality 2
A project manager notices that the development team has added a reporting dashboard that was not in the original requirements, believing it would delight the customer.
This is an example of: