Project Management Project Quality Management 4 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which output of the Plan Quality Management process provides quantitative measures used to describe quality?
- Quality checklists
- Quality metrics (Correct answer)
- Quality reports
- Test and evaluation documents
Correct answer: Quality metrics
Quality metrics are specific, measurable attributes that define what quality means for the project and its deliverables.
Question 2: What is the main difference between quality assurance and quality control?
- QA finds defects; QC prevents defects
- QA is process-focused and proactive; QC is product-focused and reactive (Correct answer)
- QA is done by the customer; QC is done by the project team
- QA applies only to software projects; QC applies to all projects
Correct answer: QA is process-focused and proactive; QC is product-focused and reactive
QA evaluates and improves the processes used to produce deliverables, while QC inspects the deliverables themselves to find defects.
Question 3: Which statistical sampling approach tests every unit in the population?
- Random sampling
- Stratified sampling
- 100% inspection (Correct answer)
- Attribute sampling
Correct answer: 100% inspection
100% inspection examines every single item, eliminating sampling error but at significantly higher cost and time.
Question 4: A project team is analyzing defect data and groups defects into categories to find the most frequent type. Which tool are they using?
- Scatter diagram
- Histogram (Correct answer)
- Control chart
- Affinity diagram
Correct answer: Histogram
A histogram displays the frequency distribution of defects or data points across categories to identify the most common issues.
Question 5: What is 'fitness for use' as a quality concept?
- A product meets its design specifications exactly
- A product fulfills its intended purpose and meets user needs (Correct answer)
- A product has zero defects
- A product passes all regulatory inspections
Correct answer: A product fulfills its intended purpose and meets user needs
Fitness for use, introduced by Joseph Juran, means a product or service satisfies the actual needs of the user.
Question 6: Which quality guru introduced the concept of 'Zero Defects' and the idea that 'quality is free'?
- W. Edwards Deming
- Joseph Juran
- Philip Crosby (Correct answer)
- Kaoru Ishikawa
Correct answer: Philip Crosby
Philip Crosby promoted Zero Defects and argued that quality is free because prevention costs less than the cost of failures.
Question 7: When a project manager implements corrective actions based on quality control measurements, which process is being performed?
- Plan Quality Management
- Manage Quality
- Control Quality (Correct answer)
- Perform Integrated Change Control
Correct answer: Control Quality
Control Quality involves measuring deliverables against quality metrics and identifying corrective actions to address deficiencies.
Project Management Project Quality Management 4
Which output of the Plan Quality Management process provides quantitative measures used to describe quality?