Project Management Project Quality Management 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which quality management tool uses a visual representation to show the relationship between an effect and its potential causes?
- Pareto chart
- Fishbone diagram (Correct answer)
- Control chart
- Scatter diagram
Correct answer: Fishbone diagram
The fishbone (Ishikawa) diagram visually maps potential causes of a problem to identify root causes.
Question 2: What does 'cost of quality' (COQ) include?
- Only the cost of defects found by customers
- Only the cost of testing and inspection
- All costs incurred to prevent failures plus costs from failures (Correct answer)
- Only the cost of quality audits
Correct answer: All costs incurred to prevent failures plus costs from failures
COQ encompasses both conformance costs (prevention, appraisal) and non-conformance costs (internal and external failures).
Question 3: During which process are quality metrics defined for use later in the project?
- Control Quality
- Manage Quality
- Plan Quality Management (Correct answer)
- Perform Integrated Change Control
Correct answer: Plan Quality Management
Plan Quality Management defines the quality metrics that will be measured and monitored throughout the project.
Question 4: A project manager notices that 80% of defects come from 20% of identified causes. Which tool best supports this finding?
- Control chart
- Histogram
- Pareto chart (Correct answer)
- Run chart
Correct answer: Pareto chart
The Pareto chart ranks causes by frequency, visually supporting the 80/20 rule to prioritize defect reduction efforts.
Question 5: What is the primary purpose of a quality audit?
- To penalize team members who produce defects
- To identify inefficient and ineffective policies and recommend improvements (Correct answer)
- To approve deliverables for customer acceptance
- To update the project schedule based on defects found
Correct answer: To identify inefficient and ineffective policies and recommend improvements
Quality audits are structured reviews to identify non-compliant processes and recommend corrective actions.
Question 6: Which of the following best describes 'prevention over inspection' in quality management?
- Spending more time testing finished products than planning
- Building quality into the process rather than detecting defects afterward (Correct answer)
- Hiring external inspectors to review all deliverables
- Skipping the planning phase to save time for testing
Correct answer: Building quality into the process rather than detecting defects afterward
Prevention over inspection means designing processes to avoid defects rather than relying on finding them after the fact.
Question 7: What is 'gold plating' in project quality management?
- Adding extra features beyond the agreed scope without authorization (Correct answer)
- Using expensive materials to improve product durability
- Applying Six Sigma methodologies to all deliverables
- Documenting quality results in a gold-standard format
Correct answer: Adding extra features beyond the agreed scope without authorization
Gold plating refers to adding unrequested features or enhancements beyond the approved scope, which should be avoided.
Project Management Project Quality Management 2
Which quality management tool uses a visual representation to show the relationship between an effect and its potential causes?