Product Management Product Quality Management 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which quality management approach focuses on identifying defects before they reach the customer by building quality into each process step?
- Reactive quality control
- Quality assurance (Correct answer)
- Acceptance sampling
- Post-launch auditing
Correct answer: Quality assurance
Quality assurance is a proactive approach that builds quality into processes rather than inspecting for defects after the fact.
Question 2: A product team notices that 80% of their user-reported bugs stem from 20% of the codebase. Which quality principle does this illustrate?
- The Rule of Seven
- Pareto Principle (Correct answer)
- Six Sigma DMAIC
- Kaizen
Correct answer: Pareto Principle
The Pareto Principle (80/20 rule) states that roughly 80% of effects come from 20% of causes, helping teams prioritize defect sources.
Question 3: What does a product's 'Mean Time Between Failures' (MTBF) measure?
- The time to repair a product after failure
- The average time a product operates before failing again (Correct answer)
- The cost of fixing a defect post-launch
- The number of defects per unit
Correct answer: The average time a product operates before failing again
MTBF is a reliability metric representing the average elapsed time between inherent failures of a product during normal operation.
Question 4: During a sprint retrospective, a PM wants to prevent recurring defects. Which quality tool is BEST suited for identifying root causes?
- Kano Model
- Fishbone (Ishikawa) Diagram (Correct answer)
- Product Roadmap
- Burndown Chart
Correct answer: Fishbone (Ishikawa) Diagram
The Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa) is specifically designed to systematically explore root causes of a problem across multiple categories.
Question 5: A SaaS company sets a goal of 99.9% uptime. This is an example of which type of quality metric?
- Qualitative satisfaction score
- Service Level Objective (SLO) (Correct answer)
- Net Promoter Score
- Defect escape rate
Correct answer: Service Level Objective (SLO)
A Service Level Objective (SLO) is a measurable reliability target, such as uptime percentage, agreed upon for a service.
Question 6: Which concept describes the total cost of all quality-related activities, including prevention, appraisal, and failure costs?
- Total Addressable Market
- Cost of Quality (CoQ) (Correct answer)
- Opportunity Cost
- Technical Debt Index
Correct answer: Cost of Quality (CoQ)
Cost of Quality (CoQ) encompasses all costs incurred to ensure quality (prevention and appraisal) plus costs from failures (internal and external).
Question 7: A PM wants to measure whether a new feature meets user quality expectations after launch. Which metric is MOST directly relevant?
- Sprint velocity
- Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT) (Correct answer)
- Story point estimate
- Lines of code written
Correct answer: Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT)
CSAT directly captures users' perceived quality and satisfaction with a feature or product experience after they've used it.
Product Management Product Quality Management 2
Which quality management approach focuses on identifying defects before they reach the customer by building quality into each process step?