PrepL Human Development and Behavior

Question 1

According to Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary conflict faced during adolescence (ages 12–18)?

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Answer

Industry vs. Inferiority

Answer

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Answer

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

Question 2

Piaget's concept of 'object permanence' typically develops during which stage of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Answer

Preoperational stage

Answer

Concrete operational stage

Answer

Formal operational stage

Question 3

Bowlby's attachment theory emphasizes that a child's early bond with a caregiver primarily serves what function?

Accepted Answer

A secure base for exploration and emotional regulation

Answer

Cognitive stimulation and language acquisition

Answer

Social comparison and peer development

Answer

Moral reasoning and value formation

Question 4

Which theorist introduced the concept of the 'zone of proximal development' (ZPD) to describe learning potential?

Accepted Answer

Lev Vygotsky

Answer

Jean Piaget

Answer

Albert Bandura

Answer

Lawrence Kohlberg

Question 5

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model, which system directly includes the child's immediate environments such as family and school?

Accepted Answer

Microsystem

Answer

Mesosystem

Answer

Exosystem

Answer

Macrosystem

Question 6

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, which level involves following rules to avoid punishment and gain rewards?

Accepted Answer

Pre-conventional morality

Answer

Conventional morality

Answer

Post-conventional morality

Answer

Universal ethical principles

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the concept of 'resilience' in human development?

Accepted Answer

Positive adaptation and healthy functioning despite significant adversity

Answer

The absence of any risk factors in a person's environment

Answer

The ability to return to prior functioning after any minor setback

Answer

Complete immunity to the effects of trauma or stress