PNC Chronic Disease Management

Question 1

Which first-line intervention is recommended for a congregant newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes before initiating pharmacotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Therapeutic lifestyle changes including diet and exercise

Answer

Therapeutic lifestyle changes—improved diet, increased physical activity, and weight management—are the recommended first-line treatment for Type 2 diabetes prior to or alongside medication initiation.

Question 2

A parish nurse is educating a congregant with hypertension. Which target blood pressure is recommended by current guidelines for most adults with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Less than 130/80 mmHg

Answer

Current AHA/ACC guidelines recommend a blood pressure target of less than 130/80 mmHg for most adults with hypertension to reduce cardiovascular risk.

Question 3

A congregant with chronic heart failure should be instructed to notify their provider if daily weight increases by how much over one to two days?

Accepted Answer

3 pounds

Answer

A weight gain of 3 or more pounds in one to two days typically indicates fluid retention and possible heart failure decompensation, requiring prompt medical evaluation.

Question 4

Which breathing technique is most beneficial to teach a congregant with COPD to reduce air trapping and improve exhalation?

Accepted Answer

Pursed-lip breathing

Answer

Pursed-lip breathing slows the respiratory rate, prolongs exhalation, and reduces air trapping in COPD by keeping airways open longer during exhalation.

Question 5

A fasting blood glucose level of which value is diagnostic for diabetes according to American Diabetes Association criteria?

Accepted Answer

126 mg/dL or higher

Answer

A fasting blood glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher on two separate occasions meets the ADA diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus.

(PNC) Parish Nurse Certification Practice Test

(PNC) Parish Nurse Certification Practice Test

PNC Chronic Disease Management