PMC Prenatal Anatomy & Physiology 3

Question 1

Which nerve is most commonly compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy, and why?

Accepted Answer

Median nerve due to fluid retention and edema

Answer

The median nerve is compressed within the carpal tunnel by pregnancy-related fluid retention that increases compartment pressure.

Question 2

The hormone responsible for stimulating breast tissue growth (mammogenesis) and suppressing lactation during pregnancy is primarily:

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Answer

High progesterone levels during pregnancy inhibit milk secretion despite rising prolactin, allowing mammary gland development without lactation.

Question 3

Physiologic lordosis increases during pregnancy primarily because of:

Accepted Answer

Anterior shift of the center of gravity from uterine weight

Answer

The anterior displacement of the center of gravity by the gravid uterus causes compensatory lumbar hyperlordosis.

Question 4

Which fetal structure allows blood to bypass the lungs by connecting the pulmonary artery to the aorta?

Accepted Answer

Ductus arteriosus

Answer

The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, bypassing the fluid-filled fetal lungs.

Question 5

Which maternal anatomical structure is most directly responsible for round ligament pain experienced in the second trimester?

Accepted Answer

Round ligament being stretched as the uterus rises and rotates

Answer

As the uterus rapidly grows and slightly rotates, the round ligaments are stretched, causing sharp inguinal or lower abdominal pain.

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