PLAB PLAB Pediatrics & Child Health

Question 1

A 2-year-old child presents with a barking cough, stridor, and low-grade fever. Symptoms are worse at night. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)

Answer

Epiglottitis

Answer

Foreign body aspiration

Answer

Bacterial tracheitis

Question 2

Which vaccine is administered at birth as part of the standard UK immunization schedule for infants born to hepatitis B-positive mothers?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B vaccine

Answer

BCG vaccine

Answer

Hepatitis A vaccine

Answer

Rotavirus vaccine

Question 3

A 6-week-old male infant presents with projectile non-bilious vomiting after every feed, is hungry immediately after vomiting, and has a palpable olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Duodenal atresia

Answer

Gastroesophageal reflux

Answer

Intussusception

Question 4

What is the first-line treatment for a febrile seizure in a child who is currently seizing for more than 5 minutes?

Accepted Answer

Rectal diazepam or buccal/intranasal midazolam

Answer

IV phenytoin

Answer

Oral paracetamol

Answer

IV lorazepam only

Question 5

A 9-month-old infant is brought in with a 2-day history of diarrhea, vomiting, and mild dehydration. Stool examination shows no blood. What is the most likely causative organism?

Accepted Answer

Rotavirus

Answer

Salmonella

Answer

Campylobacter

Answer

Escherichia coli O157:H7

Question 6

Which developmental milestone should a child typically achieve by 18 months of age?

Accepted Answer

Walking independently

Answer

Speaking in 4–6 word sentences

Answer

Reading simple words

Answer

Riding a tricycle