Pharmacology Endocrine System Pharmacology

Question 1

Which type of insulin has the SHORTEST onset of action?

Accepted Answer

Lispro

Answer

Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin analog with an onset of approximately 15 minutes, making it the fastest-acting option listed.

Question 2

Metformin's PRIMARY mechanism to reduce blood glucose is:

Accepted Answer

Decreasing hepatic glucose production

Answer

Metformin activates AMPK, which primarily reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis to lower fasting blood glucose.

Question 3

Levothyroxine is the drug of choice for treating:

Accepted Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Levothyroxine is synthetic T4 used as hormone replacement therapy to treat hypothyroidism by restoring normal thyroid hormone levels.

Question 4

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is preferred over methimazole during:

Accepted Answer

First trimester of pregnancy

Answer

PTU is preferred in the first trimester because methimazole is associated with a specific embryopathy including aplasia cutis and choanal atresia.

Question 5

GLP-1 receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide) lower blood glucose primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion

Answer

GLP-1 agonists bind GLP-1 receptors on pancreatic beta cells, stimulating insulin secretion only when glucose is elevated (glucose-dependent mechanism).

Pharmacology Practice Test

Pharmacology Practice Test

Pharmacology Endocrine System Pharmacology