Pharmacology Autonomic Nervous System Pharmacology Questions and Answers

Question 1

A 68-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension is prescribed a medication that provides relief for both conditions.
Which of the following mechanisms of action is most likely responsible for the therapeutic effects of this drug?

Accepted Answer

Blockade of alpha-1 adrenergic receptors

Answer

Blockade of beta-1 adrenergic receptors

Answer

Stimulation of muscarinic M3 receptors

Answer

Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase

Question 2

A patient is being treated with a non-selective beta-blocker for hypertension. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect that requires careful monitoring, especially in a patient with a history of respiratory disease?

Accepted Answer

Bronchoconstriction

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypoglycemia awareness

Answer

Urinary retention

Question 3

An elderly patient is administered atropine as a preanesthetic agent to reduce secretions. Which of the following signs would most likely indicate atropine toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, and delirium

Answer

Bradycardia, pinpoint pupils, and excessive salivation

Answer

Profuse sweating, diarrhea, and bronchospasm

Answer

Hypertension, muscle fasciculations, and anxiety

Question 4

A patient in septic shock is administered a continuous infusion of a drug that primarily acts as a potent alpha-1 adrenergic agonist to increase blood pressure. Which of the following drugs was most likely administered?

Accepted Answer

Phenylephrine

Answer

Isoproterenol

Answer

Dobutamine

Answer

Albuterol

Question 5

Which of the following statements best describes the mechanism of action of pilocarpine when used to treat glaucoma?

Accepted Answer

It is a direct-acting muscarinic agonist that increases aqueous humor outflow.

Answer

It is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that decreases aqueous humor production.

Answer

It is a muscarinic antagonist that relaxes the ciliary muscle.

Answer

It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist that decreases aqueous humor secretion.

Question 6

A patient with myasthenia gravis is treated with pyridostigmine. This drug improves muscle strength by what mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Reversibly inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme

Answer

Directly stimulating nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction

Answer

Increasing the release of acetylcholine from the presynaptic nerve terminal

Answer

Inhibiting the reuptake of acetylcholine into the presynaptic neuron

A 68-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension is prescribed a medication that provides relief for both conditions.Which of the following mechanisms of action is most likely responsible for the therapeutic effects of this drug?

A 68-year-old male with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension is prescribed a medication that provides relief for both conditions.
Which of the following mechanisms of action is most likely responsible for the therapeutic effects of this drug?