Pharmacology Endocrine System Pharmacology 2

Question 1

Clomiphene citrate stimulates ovulation primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Blocking hypothalamic estrogen receptors to increase GnRH release

Answer

Directly stimulating the ovaries with FSH-like activity

Answer

Providing exogenous LH to trigger ovulation

Answer

Suppressing progesterone to allow follicle development

Question 2

Ketoconazole can be used to treat Cushing's syndrome because it:

Accepted Answer

Inhibits cortisol synthesis by blocking steroidogenic enzymes

Answer

Blocks ACTH receptors in the adrenal cortex

Answer

Stimulates negative feedback on pituitary ACTH secretion

Answer

Antagonizes glucocorticoid receptors in peripheral tissues

Question 3

Desmopressin (DDAVP) is primarily indicated for treating:

Accepted Answer

Central diabetes insipidus

Answer

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH (SIADH)

Answer

Adrenal insufficiency

Answer

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Question 4

Octreotide is used to manage acromegaly because it:

Accepted Answer

Is a somatostatin analog that suppresses GH secretion

Answer

Blocks IGF-1 receptors in peripheral tissues

Answer

Directly antagonizes growth hormone receptors

Answer

Activates dopamine receptors to inhibit the pituitary

Question 5

Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate) treat osteoporosis primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption

Answer

Stimulating osteoblast differentiation and bone formation

Answer

Providing supplemental calcium directly to bone matrix

Answer

Increasing intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption

Question 6

Bromocriptine is used to treat hyperprolactinemia because it acts as a:

Accepted Answer

Dopamine D2 receptor agonist at anterior pituitary lactotrophs

Answer

Prolactin receptor antagonist

Answer

GnRH analog that suppresses pituitary hormones

Answer

Serotonin antagonist that reduces prolactin release

Question 7

Fludrocortisone is primarily used for its:

Accepted Answer

Mineralocorticoid effects to replace aldosterone

Answer

Potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid effects

Answer

Immunosuppressive properties in autoimmune disease

Answer

Anabolic effects on muscle and bone