Doctor of Pharmacy General Flashcards
7 cards from real Pharm.D. Doctor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Doctor of Pharmacy General flashcards as text
A Type 2 diabetic patient with eGFR of 25 mL/min/1.73m² should avoid which antidiabetic medication?
Answer: Metformin
Metformin is contraindicated when eGFR falls below 30 mL/min/1.73m² due to risk of lactic acidosis from drug accumulation.
Which immunosuppressant requires monitoring of blood pressure and serum creatinine due to nephrotoxicity?
Answer: Cyclosporine
Cyclosporine causes vasoconstriction of renal afferent arterioles leading to nephrotoxicity and hypertension.
What is the pharmacodynamic basis for combining a beta-lactam with an aminoglycoside for serious infections?
Answer: Synergistic bactericidal activity through dual mechanisms
Beta-lactams weaken the cell wall, enhancing aminoglycoside penetration, resulting in synergistic killing, especially against Pseudomonas and enterococci.
A pharmacist receives a prescription for a Schedule II controlled substance. Which is NOT permitted?
Answer: Dispensing up to a 90-day supply at once
Schedule II controlled substances may not be refilled; most states limit supply to 30 days, though some allow longer supplies for specific conditions.
Which anticoagulant reversal agent specifically reverses dabigatran?
Answer: Idarucizumab
Idarucizumab is a monoclonal antibody fragment that binds dabigatran with high affinity, reversing its anticoagulant effect.
What is the most important counseling point for patients receiving fluoroquinolone antibiotics?
Answer: Avoid prolonged sun exposure and report tendon pain immediately
Fluoroquinolones carry FDA black box warnings for tendinopathy/tendon rupture and photosensitivity, requiring immediate reporting of tendon pain.
A patient's theophylline level is supratherapeutic. Which recently added medication most likely caused this toxicity?
Answer: Ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin inhibits CYP1A2, the primary enzyme metabolizing theophylline, causing drug accumulation and toxicity.