Doctor of Pharmacy General Flashcards
7 cards from real Pharm.D. Doctor of Pharmacy practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Doctor of Pharmacy General flashcards as text
A patient on lithium develops polyuria and polydipsia. What condition should be suspected?
Answer: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Lithium interferes with ADH signaling in the collecting duct, causing nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Which parameter determines the time required to reach steady-state plasma concentrations?
Answer: Half-life
Steady-state is reached after approximately 4–5 half-lives regardless of dose or dosing interval.
What is the mechanism of resistance when bacteria produce beta-lactamases?
Answer: Enzymatic hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring
Beta-lactamases cleave the beta-lactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporins, rendering them inactive.
A patient taking SSRIs is prescribed tramadol for pain. What serious interaction should be anticipated?
Answer: Serotonin syndrome
Tramadol inhibits serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake; combined with SSRIs, it can precipitate serotonin syndrome.
Which class of medications is associated with Steven-Johnson Syndrome as a rare but severe adverse reaction?
Answer: Aromatic antiepileptics like carbamazepine
Aromatic antiepileptics, especially carbamazepine, are strongly associated with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, particularly in HLA-B*1502 carriers.
What is the primary indication for using N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in emergency medicine?
Answer: Acetaminophen overdose treatment
NAC replenishes glutathione stores to neutralize NAPQI, the toxic acetaminophen metabolite responsible for hepatotoxicity.
Which counseling point is most important for a patient starting bisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis?
Answer: Take in the morning with full glass of water; remain upright for 30 minutes
Bisphosphonates must be taken on an empty stomach with 8 oz of water, and the patient must remain upright for 30 minutes to prevent esophageal erosion.