Critical Thinking Flashcards

All P&G brands in the 'premium' tier have a price above $10. Brand X is not in the premium tier. What can you conclude?

Answer: Brand X may or may not cost more than $10

Being outside the premium tier only tells us Brand X is not classified as premium — its price could still be above $10 under a different tier.

A P&G team claims: 'We reduced packaging waste by 30% by switching to recycled materials.' Which fact would MOST strengthen this argument?

Answer: Third-party lifecycle analysis confirmed the 30% waste reduction

Third-party verification provides objective evidence that supports the team's internal claim.

If 'all successful product launches include consumer testing' is true, which statement MUST also be true?

Answer: If a product was not consumer tested, it was not a successful launch

By contrapositive logic, if consumer testing is required for success, then no testing means no success.

A consumer panel prefers Fragrance A over Fragrance B 60% to 40% in blind testing. What is the MOST cautious conclusion?

Answer: Fragrance A has a modest preference advantage under blind test conditions

A 60/40 split indicates a moderate preference under specific test conditions, not a mandate for change.

P&G's profit increased 10% while market share fell 2%. What does this MOST likely suggest?

Answer: Profitability improvements (e.g., cost reduction or pricing) offset the volume decline

Profit can increase despite lower market share if margins improved through pricing, cost reduction, or product mix.

A report says 'Brand loyalty for P&G's cleaning products is highest among consumers aged 45–60.' Which conclusion is MOST logical?

Answer: Marketing to ages 45–60 may yield stronger retention returns in this category

High loyalty in this age group suggests prioritizing retention marketing there could be cost-effective.