Exercise Physiology and Anatomy Flashcards
6 cards from real PTC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 Exercise Physiology and Anatomy flashcards as text
Which hormone is known as the 'stress hormone' and is released in response to intense exercise?
Answer: Cortisol
Cortisol, secreted by the adrenal cortex, is elevated during intense or prolonged exercise and acts to mobilize energy substrates, though chronically elevated levels can impair recovery.
What is the normal resting heart rate range for a healthy adult?
Answer: 60–100 bpm
A normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult is 60–100 beats per minute, with well-trained athletes often measuring below 60 bpm.
The point at which lactate production exceeds the body's ability to clear it is called the:
Answer: Lactate threshold
The lactate threshold is the exercise intensity at which blood lactate accumulates faster than it can be cleared, marking the transition from primarily aerobic to anaerobic energy production.
Which plane of motion divides the body into upper and lower halves?
Answer: Transverse plane
The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into superior and inferior (upper and lower) halves, and movements in this plane involve rotation.
What is hypertrophy in the context of resistance training?
Answer: Increase in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers
Hypertrophy refers to the increase in the size (cross-sectional area) of muscle fibers as an adaptation to progressive resistance training overload.
Which joint action occurs at the hip during the concentric phase of a squat?
Answer: Hip extension
During the concentric (rising) phase of a squat, the hip extends as the body moves from a bent-hip position back to standing, primarily driven by the gluteus maximus and hamstrings.