Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nursing NCLEX 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A 4-year-old is admitted with epiglottitis. Which intervention is the PRIORITY?
- Obtain a throat culture
- Keep the child calm and upright (Correct answer)
- Administer nebulized albuterol
- Insert a nasogastric tube
Correct answer: Keep the child calm and upright
Keeping the child calm and upright minimizes airway obstruction; any agitation or throat examination can cause complete obstruction.
Question 2: A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old with Kawasaki disease. Which finding is MOST concerning?
- Strawberry tongue
- Coronary artery aneurysm (Correct answer)
- Bilateral conjunctival injection
- Desquamation of the fingertips
Correct answer: Coronary artery aneurysm
Coronary artery aneurysm is the most serious complication of Kawasaki disease and can lead to myocardial infarction.
Question 3: Which urine output is considered adequate for an infant weighing 8 kg?
- 0.5 mL/hr
- 4 mL/hr (Correct answer)
- 8 mL/hr
- 16 mL/hr
Correct answer: 4 mL/hr
Adequate urine output for infants is 1–2 mL/kg/hr, so 8 kg × 0.5 mL/kg/hr minimum = 4 mL/hr minimum.
Question 4: A 10-year-old with sickle cell disease presents with sudden severe headache and left-sided weakness. The nurse suspects:
- Vaso-occlusive pain crisis
- Acute chest syndrome
- Stroke (Correct answer)
- Splenic sequestration
Correct answer: Stroke
Sudden neurological deficits such as severe headache and focal weakness indicate stroke, a known complication of sickle cell disease.
Question 5: When teaching a parent about administering oral iron supplements to a toddler, the nurse should include:
- Give with milk to reduce GI upset
- Administer through a straw to protect tooth enamel (Correct answer)
- Expect stools to turn yellow
- Give between meals for better absorption and with dairy
Correct answer: Administer through a straw to protect tooth enamel
Iron can stain teeth, so using a straw or dropper placed toward the back of the mouth protects enamel.
Question 6: A 7-year-old is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The nurse expects which classic triad of findings?
- Hematuria, hypertension, oliguria
- Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema (Correct answer)
- Pyuria, flank pain, fever
- Azotemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis
Correct answer: Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and generalized edema (anasarca).
Question 7: A newborn's Apgar score is assessed at 1 minute. Which finding contributes 2 points to the score?
- Heart rate of 80 bpm
- Weak cry
- Flexed extremities with active motion (Correct answer)
- Blue hands and feet only
Correct answer: Flexed extremities with active motion
Active motion with flexed extremities scores 2 for muscle tone in the Apgar scoring system.
Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nursing NCLEX 2
A 4-year-old is admitted with epiglottitis.
Which intervention is the PRIORITY?