Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nurse Infectious Diseases and Immunizations 2

Question 1

An unvaccinated 3-year-old is exposed to pertussis. Which intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Administer azithromycin prophylaxis and initiate DTaP vaccination

Answer

Administer MMR vaccine immediately

Answer

No intervention is needed if the child is currently asymptomatic

Answer

Isolate for 21 days without antibiotic prophylaxis

Question 2

A 2-month-old presents with paroxysmal coughing episodes followed by an inspiratory 'whoop.' Which pathogen is responsible?

Accepted Answer

Bordetella pertussis

Answer

Respiratory syncytial virus

Answer

Haemophilus influenzae type b

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 3

Roseola (exanthem subitum) follows which characteristic sequence of symptoms?

Accepted Answer

High fever for 3–5 days followed by a rose-colored rash as the fever abruptly breaks

Answer

Rash appears first, followed by high fever

Answer

Rash and high fever appear simultaneously

Answer

Rash without fever in most cases

Question 4

A child is diagnosed with erythema infectiosum (fifth disease). What is the causative agent?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19

Answer

Enterovirus

Answer

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

Answer

Group A Streptococcus

Question 5

Which of the following vaccines is classified as a live attenuated vaccine?

Accepted Answer

Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine

Answer

Hepatitis B vaccine

Answer

Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)

Answer

Hib conjugate vaccine

Question 6

At the 2-month well-child visit, which vaccines are routinely administered according to the CDC immunization schedule?

Accepted Answer

DTaP, IPV, Hib, PCV13, rotavirus, and HepB

Answer

MMR and varicella only

Answer

DTaP and IPV only

Answer

Influenza and hepatitis A only