PECT Inclusive Education and Diverse Learners 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), an Individualized Education Program (IEP) must be reviewed at least:
- Every six months
- Annually (Correct answer)
- Every two years
- Only when the child changes schools
Correct answer: Annually
IDEA requires that each child's IEP be reviewed at least once per year to evaluate progress and update goals.
Question 2: Which principle of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) focuses on providing students with multiple ways to demonstrate what they know?
- Multiple means of representation
- Multiple means of action and expression (Correct answer)
- Multiple means of engagement
- Multiple means of assessment
Correct answer: Multiple means of action and expression
Multiple means of action and expression addresses how students demonstrate their knowledge, allowing diverse ways to show learning.
Question 3: A PreK-4 teacher notices a student who is an English Language Learner (ELL) is silent during group discussions but participates actively in drawing activities. The BEST first step is to:
- Refer the student for a speech-language evaluation
- Allow a silent period while offering multimodal participation opportunities (Correct answer)
- Contact parents to request the student practice English at home
- Move the student to a more structured learning group
Correct answer: Allow a silent period while offering multimodal participation opportunities
A silent period is a normal stage of second language acquisition; supporting participation through drawing and visuals honors the student's current language stage.
Question 4: The Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) provision of IDEA requires that students with disabilities be educated:
- In self-contained special education classrooms whenever possible
- With non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate (Correct answer)
- In separate schools designed for their specific disability
- At home if their disability significantly impacts learning
Correct answer: With non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate
LRE mandates that students with disabilities be educated alongside non-disabled peers to the maximum extent appropriate, with supports and services provided.
Question 5: Response to Intervention (RTI) uses a tiered model of support. Tier 2 intervention is BEST described as:
- High-quality core instruction provided to all students
- Targeted small-group instruction for students not responding to Tier 1 (Correct answer)
- Intensive individualized instruction for students with the most significant needs
- Special education services mandated by an IEP
Correct answer: Targeted small-group instruction for students not responding to Tier 1
Tier 2 provides targeted, supplemental small-group instruction for students who have not made adequate progress with Tier 1 core instruction.
Question 6: When differentiating instruction for diverse learners, a PreK-4 teacher modifies the complexity of a math task based on readiness levels. This strategy is known as:
- Scaffolding by learning style
- Tiered assignments (Correct answer)
- Curriculum compacting
- Parallel teaching
Correct answer: Tiered assignments
Tiered assignments adjust the complexity or abstractness of a task so all students work on the same essential concept at appropriately challenging levels.
Question 7: A culturally responsive PreK-4 teacher MOST effectively supports diverse learners by:
- Treating all students exactly the same regardless of background
- Incorporating students' cultural backgrounds and funds of knowledge into instruction (Correct answer)
- Focusing exclusively on mainstream American culture to prepare students for standardized tests
- Grouping students by cultural background for instruction
Correct answer: Incorporating students' cultural backgrounds and funds of knowledge into instruction
Culturally responsive teaching draws on students' cultural experiences and funds of knowledge to make learning relevant and to affirm their identities.
PECT Inclusive Education and Diverse Learners 1
Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), an Individualized Education Program (IEP) must be reviewed at least: