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Clinical Assessment Methods Flashcards

7 cards from real PEBC practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Clinical Assessment Methods flashcards as text

  1. A pharmacist is conducting a medication review and notices a patient taking warfarin has an INR of 4.8 with no active bleeding. The most appropriate immediate action is:

    Answer: Hold warfarin and recheck INR in 1–2 days

    For asymptomatic supratherapeutic INR (4.5–10), holding warfarin and monitoring closely is appropriate before deciding on further intervention.

  2. When assessing a patient's functional status, the Barthel Index measures:

    Answer: Activities of daily living and independence

    The Barthel Index assesses a patient's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) such as feeding, bathing, and mobility.

  3. A pharmacist uses the Naranjo Algorithm to assess adverse drug reactions. A total score of 7 classifies the reaction as:

    Answer: Probable

    Naranjo scores of 5–8 classify the ADR as 'Probable'; scores ≥9 = Definite, 1–4 = Possible, ≤0 = Doubtful.

  4. During a comprehensive geriatric assessment, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test is used primarily to evaluate:

    Answer: Fall risk and mobility in elderly patients

    The TUG test measures time to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, return, and sit — predicting fall risk in older adults.

  5. A pharmacist assesses a patient's alcohol use using the AUDIT-C tool. A score of 5 in a male patient suggests:

    Answer: Hazardous or harmful alcohol use

    AUDIT-C scores ≥4 in men and ≥3 in women indicate hazardous or harmful alcohol use warranting further assessment.

  6. Which physical assessment finding is most consistent with fluid overload in a patient with heart failure?

    Answer: Pitting edema in lower extremities and crackles on auscultation

    Pitting peripheral edema and pulmonary crackles from fluid accumulation are hallmark signs of decompensated heart failure.

  7. In the context of clinical assessment, the term 'sentinel symptom' refers to:

    Answer: A symptom requiring urgent referral due to potential serious pathology

    Sentinel (or 'red flag') symptoms signal potentially serious conditions requiring urgent medical evaluation rather than self-care.