PEAT Integumentary Conditions and Wound Care 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: The proliferative phase of wound healing is primarily characterized by:
- Vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation
- Granulation tissue formation and re-epithelialization (Correct answer)
- Collagen remodeling and wound contraction only
- Neutrophil invasion and phagocytosis of debris
Correct answer: Granulation tissue formation and re-epithelialization
The proliferative phase involves granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization, which are the core building blocks of wound repair.
Question 2: Which type of wound debridement is most selective and least traumatic to surrounding healthy tissue?
- Sharp/surgical debridement
- Wet-to-dry mechanical debridement
- Autolytic debridement (Correct answer)
- Pulsed lavage
Correct answer: Autolytic debridement
Autolytic debridement uses the body's own enzymes and moisture under an occlusive dressing to selectively break down necrotic tissue while leaving healthy tissue intact.
Question 3: A patient with peripheral arterial disease presents with a lower extremity ulcer. Which finding would you MOST likely expect?
- Irregular wound edges with heavy serous exudate
- Medial ankle location with significant pitting edema
- Punched-out appearance with well-defined edges and minimal exudate (Correct answer)
- Superficial wound bed with fibrin slough and surrounding warmth
Correct answer: Punched-out appearance with well-defined edges and minimal exudate
Arterial insufficiency ulcers typically have a punched-out appearance with well-defined edges, minimal exudate, and pale wound beds due to inadequate perfusion.
Question 4: The Rule of Nines is used in burn management to estimate:
- Wound depth classification in a pressure injury
- Percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) affected by a burn (Correct answer)
- Predicted wound healing rate in days
- Burn infection severity and antibiotic dosing
Correct answer: Percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) affected by a burn
The Rule of Nines divides the body surface into regions representing approximately 9% each to calculate total body surface area involved in a burn.
Question 5: Which finding is MOST indicative of wound infection rather than normal healing?
- Serous drainage from the wound bed
- Pink, proliferating wound edges
- Increasing wound pain, erythema, and purulent drainage (Correct answer)
- Granulation tissue formation throughout the wound base
Correct answer: Increasing wound pain, erythema, and purulent drainage
Increasing pain, erythema, warmth, swelling, and purulent drainage are classic signs of wound infection requiring immediate clinical attention.
Question 6: Which type of wound dressing is MOST appropriate for a wound with heavy exudate?
- Hydrocolloid dressing
- Transparent film dressing
- Calcium alginate dressing (Correct answer)
- Hydrogel sheet dressing
Correct answer: Calcium alginate dressing
Calcium alginate dressings are highly absorbent, derived from seaweed, and ideal for heavily exuding wounds as they can absorb many times their weight in fluid.
Question 7: Using the Wagner Grading System for diabetic foot ulcers, a Grade 2 ulcer is defined as:
- A superficial skin break without subcutaneous involvement
- A deep ulcer extending to tendon, capsule, or bone without osteomyelitis (Correct answer)
- A deep ulcer with osteomyelitis or joint infection
- Localized gangrene of the forefoot
Correct answer: A deep ulcer extending to tendon, capsule, or bone without osteomyelitis
Wagner Grade 2 describes a deep ulcer that penetrates to tendon, joint capsule, or bone but without evidence of osteomyelitis or abscess.
PEAT Integumentary Conditions and Wound Care 2
The proliferative phase of wound healing is primarily characterized by: