PCS PCS Pediatric Conditions and Diagnoses 2

Question 1

Which condition involves excessive, uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain and often requires careful management during pediatric rehabilitation?

Accepted Answer

Epilepsy/seizure disorder

Answer

Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal neuronal electrical discharges and is common in children with neurological diagnoses.

Question 2

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is defined as arthritis lasting at least how long with onset before age 16?

Accepted Answer

6 weeks

Answer

JIA requires joint inflammation present for at least 6 weeks with onset before age 16 to meet diagnostic criteria.

Question 3

A premature infant born at 28 weeks gestation is at highest risk for which neurological complication?

Accepted Answer

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)

Answer

IVH is the most common serious neurological complication in extremely premature infants due to fragile germinal matrix blood vessels.

Question 4

Sickle cell disease causes pediatric pain crises primarily due to which pathophysiological mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Vascular occlusion from sickled erythrocytes blocking blood flow

Answer

Sickled red blood cells obstruct small blood vessels, causing ischemia and pain in a vaso-occlusive crisis.

Question 5

Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the joints, skin (butterfly rash), kidneys, and other organs, and requires careful monitoring in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer

Pediatric SLE is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems, including the kidneys (nephritis) and skin.

PCS - Pediatric Certified Specialist Practice Test

PCS - Pediatric Certified Specialist Practice Test

PCS PCS Pediatric Conditions and Diagnoses 2