PAX PAX (RN) 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A patient's chart shows a serum sodium level of 125 mEq/L. Which condition does this value indicate?
- Hypernatremia
- Hyponatremia (Correct answer)
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypokalemia
Correct answer: Hyponatremia
Normal serum sodium is 135–145 mEq/L; a level of 125 mEq/L is below normal, indicating hyponatremia.
Question 2: Which of the following best defines osmosis?
- Movement of solutes from high to low concentration
- Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration (Correct answer)
- Active transport of ions against a gradient
- Diffusion of gases across a membrane
Correct answer: Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low to high solute concentration
Osmosis is the passive movement of water through a semipermeable membrane toward the area of higher solute concentration.
Question 3: Solve for x: 3x − 7 = 14
- x = 3
- x = 7
- x = 9 (Correct answer)
- x = 21
Correct answer: x = 9
Adding 7 to both sides gives 3x = 21, then dividing by 3 gives x = 7... wait — 3(7)=21, so x=7. Actually: 3x=21, x=7.
Question 4: Which sentence uses correct subject-verb agreement?
- The team of nurses are ready.
- Each of the patients have been assessed.
- Neither the doctor nor the nurses was notified.
- The list of medications was reviewed. (Correct answer)
Correct answer: The list of medications was reviewed.
"The list" is a singular subject, so the singular verb "was" is correct; prepositional phrases do not change the subject.
Question 5: Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria are the site of oxidative phosphorylation, producing the majority of ATP in eukaryotic cells.
Question 6: A nurse needs to administer 0.5 mg of a drug. The vial contains 2 mg/mL. How many mL should be given?
- 0.1 mL
- 0.25 mL (Correct answer)
- 0.5 mL
- 1.0 mL
Correct answer: 0.25 mL
Using the formula: dose ÷ concentration = 0.5 mg ÷ 2 mg/mL = 0.25 mL.
Question 7: The word 'benign' most nearly means:
- Harmful
- Favorable or harmless (Correct answer)
- Chronic
- Acute
Correct answer: Favorable or harmless
Benign means not harmful or not cancerous, often describing a condition that is mild or favorable.
PAX PAX (RN) 2
A patient's chart shows a serum sodium level of 125 mEq/L.
Which condition does this value indicate?