Postural Deviations & Pathologies Flashcards

Which muscle group weakness is most commonly associated with anterior pelvic tilt?

Answer: Gluteus maximus and abdominals

Anterior pelvic tilt results from weak gluteus maximus and abdominals (posterior stabilizers) combined with tight hip flexors and lumbar extensors.

In Janda's Upper Crossed Syndrome, which muscles are characteristically tight?

Answer: Upper trapezius and pectorals

Upper Crossed Syndrome involves tightness in the upper trapezius, levator scapulae, and pectorals, paired with weakness in the deep neck flexors and lower trapezius/serratus anterior.

Lower Crossed Syndrome is characterized by tightness in which muscle group?

Answer: Hip flexors and lumbar extensors

Lower Crossed Syndrome involves tightness in the hip flexors and lumbar extensors paired with weakness in the abdominals and gluteals, driving anterior pelvic tilt.

During Adam's forward bend test, which type of scoliosis does NOT correct as the patient flexes forward?

Answer: Structural scoliosis

Structural scoliosis has fixed vertebral rotation and does not reduce with forward bending, distinguishing it from flexible functional scoliosis.

Hyperkyphosis in older adults is most commonly caused by which underlying condition?

Answer: Osteoporosis with vertebral compression fractures

In older adults, hyperkyphosis is frequently the result of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures causing anterior wedging of vertebral bodies.

Which postural type is described as having exaggerated lumbar and cervical lordosis with a reduced thoracic kyphosis, creating an overly rigid upright appearance?

Answer: Military posture

Military posture involves exaggerated lumbar and cervical lordosis with reduced thoracic kyphosis, producing a stiff, overly erect stance.

Leg length discrepancy most commonly leads to which postural compensation?

Answer: Lateral pelvic tilt and functional scoliosis

Leg length discrepancy causes the pelvis to tilt laterally toward the shorter side, which can produce a compensatory functional scoliosis.