Parkinson's Parkinson's Genetics and Risk Factors

Question 1

Which gene mutation is the most common known genetic cause of familial Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

LRRK2

Answer

SNCA

Answer

PINK1

Answer

PRKN

Question 2

Approximately what percentage of Parkinson's disease cases are estimated to be monogenic, caused by a single identifiable gene mutation?

Accepted Answer

About 10-15%

Answer

Less than 1%

Answer

About 40-50%

Answer

About 70-80%

Question 3

Which environmental exposure has the strongest epidemiological evidence as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Pesticide exposure

Answer

Air pollution

Answer

High sodium diet

Answer

Excessive sunlight

Question 4

Which of the following is associated with a REDUCED risk of developing Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Caffeine consumption

Answer

Pesticide exposure

Answer

Head trauma history

Answer

Rural well-water use

Question 5

The SNCA gene encodes which protein that aggregates in Lewy bodies, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Alpha-synuclein

Answer

Tau protein

Answer

Parkin

Answer

Ubiquitin

Question 6

Parkinson's disease incidence rises sharply with age. Which age group has the highest incidence of PD?

Accepted Answer

Over 60 years

Answer

Under 40 years

Answer

40-50 years

Answer

51-60 years

Question 7

Young-onset Parkinson's disease is typically defined as the appearance of motor symptoms before what age?

Accepted Answer

50 years

Answer

30 years

Answer

40 years

Answer

60 years