Parkinson's Parkinson's Symptoms and Diagnosis 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which of the following is considered a cardinal motor symptom of Parkinson's disease?
- Tremor at rest (Correct answer)
- Intention tremor
- Flapping tremor
- Essential tremor
Correct answer: Tremor at rest
Resting tremor is one of the four cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, typically occurring when the limb is relaxed.
Question 2: What term describes the mask-like facial expression commonly seen in Parkinson's disease?
- Hypomimia (Correct answer)
- Bradyphrenia
- Dysarthria
- Micrographia
Correct answer: Hypomimia
Hypomimia refers to the reduced facial expression seen in Parkinson's disease due to bradykinesia affecting facial muscles.
Question 3: Which diagnostic criteria is used most commonly for clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in the US?
- UK Brain Bank Criteria (Correct answer)
- DSM-5 Criteria
- Hoehn and Yahr Scale
- UPDRS only
Correct answer: UK Brain Bank Criteria
The UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Criteria is the most widely used clinical diagnostic standard for Parkinson's disease.
Question 4: Micrographia in Parkinson's disease refers to which symptom?
- Abnormally small handwriting (Correct answer)
- Small step gait
- Reduced voice volume
- Pinpoint pupils
Correct answer: Abnormally small handwriting
Micrographia is the progressive reduction in handwriting size, often worsening as the writing continues, caused by bradykinesia.
Question 5: What is the typical side of the body where Parkinson's disease symptoms first appear?
- Asymmetrically on one side (Correct answer)
- Symmetrically on both sides
- Always on the right side
- Always on the left side
Correct answer: Asymmetrically on one side
Parkinson's disease characteristically begins asymmetrically, affecting one side of the body before progressing to the other.
Question 6: Which non-motor symptom is frequently one of the earliest signs of Parkinson's disease, often preceding motor symptoms by years?
- REM sleep behavior disorder (Correct answer)
- Dementia
- Freezing of gait
- Dyskinesia
Correct answer: REM sleep behavior disorder
REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), where patients act out their dreams, often precedes the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease by many years.
Parkinson's Parkinson's Symptoms and Diagnosis 1
Which of the following is considered a cardinal motor symptom of Parkinson's disease?