Practice Test Geeks(PAPA) Pre-service Academic Performance Assessment Practice Test
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PAPA Critical Thinking & Logical Reasoning Flashcards

6 cards from real PAPA practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 6 PAPA Critical Thinking & Logical Reasoning flashcards as text

  1. Which of the following is an example of a logical fallacy known as 'ad hominem'?

    Answer: Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself

    An ad hominem fallacy attacks the person presenting an argument rather than the argument's content.

  2. In an argument, a conclusion is best supported by:

    Answer: Relevant evidence and sound reasoning

    A strong conclusion is one drawn from relevant evidence combined with sound, logical reasoning.

  3. If all roses are flowers and all flowers need water, what can we conclude?

    Answer: All roses need water

    By transitive logic: roses are flowers, flowers need water; therefore roses need water.

  4. Which of the following best describes an inference?

    Answer: A conclusion drawn from evidence and reasoning

    An inference is a conclusion reached by reasoning from evidence that is not directly stated.

  5. The 'straw man' fallacy involves:

    Answer: Misrepresenting an opponent's argument to attack it more easily

    A straw man fallacy distorts or oversimplifies an opponent's position to make it easier to refute.

  6. Which reading skill involves forming a judgment about information not explicitly stated in a text?

    Answer: Inferencing

    Inferencing is the process of drawing conclusions based on implied information and contextual clues.

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Sources & references

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  1. pa.gov — Eligibility · verified Oct 2026
  2. pa.nesinc.com — Retake policy, passing score, test delivery, fees, exam format, score release, test dates, time limit · verified Oct 2026