PAM Mechanical Modalities & Traction Therapy

Question 1

What angle of cervical flexion is recommended when applying traction to target an intervertebral disc herniation?

Accepted Answer

25 degrees

Answer

Approximately 25 degrees of cervical flexion opens the posterior intervertebral foramen and maximizes distraction force on the herniated disc.

Question 2

What minimum traction force is generally required to achieve lumbar vertebral separation?

Accepted Answer

50% of body weight

Answer

Approximately 50% of body weight is needed to overcome paraspinal soft tissue resistance and achieve measurable lumbar vertebral separation.

Question 3

Sustained (continuous) spinal traction is MOST indicated for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Disc herniation with nerve root compression

Answer

Sustained traction provides uninterrupted distraction force that is most effective for decompressing nerve roots compressed by disc herniation.

Question 4

What is the primary mechanical effect of spinal traction on the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

Distraction of vertebral segments

Answer

Traction's primary mechanical effect is distraction (separation) of vertebral segments, which reduces disc pressure and nerve root compression.

Question 5

Intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) is primarily indicated for the management of:

Accepted Answer

Peripheral edema and lymphedema

Answer

IPC uses cyclic inflation and deflation to create a mechanical pumping effect that promotes venous and lymphatic drainage, reducing peripheral edema.

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