PALS Airway Management 2

Question 1

A 5-year-old child is semiconscious with an intact gag reflex requiring airway support. Which airway adjunct is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Nasopharyngeal airway (NPA)

Answer

Oropharyngeal airway (OPA)

Answer

Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)

Answer

Cuffed endotracheal tube

Question 2

What is the correct technique for inserting an oropharyngeal airway (OPA) in a young child, unlike the adult technique?

Accepted Answer

Insert with the concave side directed toward the tongue using a tongue blade

Answer

Insert upside-down and rotate 180 degrees as in adults

Answer

Insert at a 45-degree angle and straighten once in place

Answer

Insert sideways and rotate 90 degrees into position

Question 3

Which of the following is a contraindication to inserting a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Suspected basilar skull fracture

Answer

Intact gag reflex

Answer

Glasgow Coma Scale score less than 8

Answer

Respiratory rate greater than 30 breaths per minute

Question 4

Which formula is most commonly used to estimate uncuffed endotracheal tube size for a child older than 1 year?

Accepted Answer

(Age in years / 4) + 4

Answer

(Age in years / 2) + 4

Answer

Weight (kg) / 10

Answer

Age in years + 4

Question 5

How is a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) classified based on its anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Supraglottic airway

Answer

Definitive airway

Answer

Subglottic airway

Answer

Infraglottic airway

Question 6

What is the primary advantage of using a cuffed endotracheal tube in a hospitalized pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

They provide better control of ventilation pressures and reduce air leak

Answer

Cuffed tubes are easier to insert than uncuffed tubes

Answer

They are appropriate for all pediatric ages including neonates

Answer

They eliminate the need for continuous CO2 monitoring

Question 7

Which method is considered the gold standard for confirming correct endotracheal tube placement in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Continuous waveform capnography (end-tidal CO2)

Answer

Bilateral auscultation over the lung fields

Answer

Chest radiograph showing tube at the carina

Answer

Direct observation of chest rise with ventilation