TEAS Science Practice Test #4 2

Question 1

Which of the following describes the function of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

To filter blood and produce urine in the kidneys

Answer

The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. It filters blood under pressure (in the glomerulus), reabsorbs needed substances (water, glucose, ions), and produces urine from the remaining waste products.

Question 2

What is the difference between "mitosis" and "meiosis"?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis produces two identical diploid cells; meiosis produces four unique haploid cells

Answer

Mitosis produces two genetically identical diploid (2n) daughter cells for growth and repair. Meiosis produces four genetically unique haploid (n) cells (gametes) for sexual reproduction. Crossing over occurs during meiosis, not mitosis.

Question 3

In a food chain, organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis are called:

Accepted Answer

Producers

Answer

Producers (autotrophs) manufacture their own food using sunlight (photosynthesis) or chemical energy (chemosynthesis). Plants are the primary producers in most food chains, forming the base of the energy pyramid.

Question 4

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

Accepted Answer

7

Answer

pH is measured on a scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is neutral (like pure water). Values below 7 are acidic; values above 7 are basic (alkaline). Normal blood pH is approximately 7.35–7.45 (slightly alkaline).

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

The tough, fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of bone

Answer

The periosteum is a dense, fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers the outer surface of bones (except at joint surfaces). It contains blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves, and plays a key role in bone growth, repair, and sensation.

TEAS Practice Test

TEAS Practice Test

TEAS Science Practice Test #4 2