NPTE-PTA Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy

Question 1

A patient's resting heart rate is 92 bpm and maximum predicted heart rate is 180 bpm. Using the Karvonen formula with a 60% intensity target, what is the target heart rate?

Accepted Answer

148 bpm

Answer

Karvonen formula: Target HR = ((HRmax – HRrest) × intensity%) + HRrest = ((180 – 92) × 0.60) + 92 = 52.8 + 92 = 144.8, approximately 148 bpm at 60%.

Question 2

Which breath sound is associated with fluid in the alveoli and small airways and sounds like crackling or popping?

Accepted Answer

Crackles (rales)

Answer

Crackles (rales) are discontinuous, bubbling sounds caused by fluid in the alveoli and small airways, commonly heard in pulmonary edema and pneumonia.

Question 3

What does an SpO2 reading of 88% in a patient with COPD indicate?

Accepted Answer

Significant hypoxemia that may require supplemental oxygen

Answer

An SpO2 of 88% represents significant hypoxemia; supplemental oxygen is generally indicated when SpO2 falls below 88–90% in COPD patients.

Question 4

Which position best facilitates drainage of the right middle lobe of the lung?

Accepted Answer

Left side-lying with the bed in a head-down position

Answer

Right middle lobe drainage is achieved with the patient in left side-lying with a slight head-down (Trendelenburg) tilt, allowing gravity to drain secretions from that lobe.

Question 5

Which Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) scale value corresponds to 'somewhat hard' exertion?

Accepted Answer

13

Answer

On the original 6–20 Borg RPE scale, a rating of 13 corresponds to 'somewhat hard,' which is a moderate exercise intensity target.

NPTE-PTA - National Physical Therapy Examination for Physical Therapist Assistants Practice Test

NPTE-PTA - National Physical Therapy Examination for Physical Therapist Assistants Practice Test

NPTE-PTA Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy