MNT Nail Anatomy and Pathology

Question 1

What is the name of the crescent-shaped white area at the base of the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Lunula

Answer

The lunula is the visible portion of the nail matrix that appears as a white crescent at the proximal nail plate base.

Question 2

Which structure produces the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Nail matrix

Answer

The nail matrix contains the germinal cells responsible for nail plate production; damage to the matrix can result in permanent nail deformity.

Question 3

Onychogryphosis is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Extreme nail thickening and curved, claw-like deformity

Answer

Onychogryphosis (ram's horn nail) involves marked thickening and distorted curvature of the nail plate, typically affecting the great toenail in elderly patients.

Question 4

Beau's lines are best described as:

Accepted Answer

Transverse grooves across the nail plate indicating a prior systemic illness or trauma

Answer

Beau's lines are transverse depressions caused by temporary arrest of nail matrix cell division during systemic illness, malnutrition, or major stress.

Question 5

The hyponychium is located:

Accepted Answer

At the distal end where the nail plate separates from the nail bed

Answer

The hyponychium is the epithelial seal at the distal free edge of the nail, forming a barrier against pathogen entry between the nail plate and nail bed.

(MNT) Certified Medical Nail Technician Practice Test

(MNT) Certified Medical Nail Technician Practice Test

MNT Nail Anatomy and Pathology