FREE MACE Pharmacology Question And Answers

Question 1

Which of these medication classes is related with the side effects of hyperkalemia and persistent dry cough?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are a class of medications used to treat conditions like hypertension and heart failure. Two common side effects associated with ACE inhibitors are a persistent, dry cough, caused by the accumulation of bradykinin, and hyperkalemia, which is an elevated potassium level due to their effect on renal potassium excretion.

Question 2

Which of these medications is a good choice for gonorrhea patients?

Accepted Answer

Ceftriaxone

Answer

Ceftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic and is the recommended first-line treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea. It is highly effective against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the bacterium responsible for the infection. Often, it is administered as a single intramuscular dose, sometimes in combination with azithromycin, to ensure comprehensive coverage and combat potential resistance.

Question 3

Which of these vitamins is deficient in pernicious anemia?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune condition characterized by a deficiency in Vitamin B12 (cobalamin). This deficiency occurs because the body fails to produce intrinsic factor, a protein essential for the absorption of Vitamin B12 in the small intestine. Without adequate Vitamin B12, the body cannot properly produce healthy red blood cells, leading to anemia and potential neurological issues.

Question 4

In what condition of drug toxicity do levels of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine increase?

Accepted Answer

Acetaminophen

Answer

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) toxicity is primarily caused by the accumulation of a highly reactive and toxic metabolite called N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). Normally, NAPQI is detoxified by glutathione, but in overdose situations, glutathione stores become depleted. This leads to NAPQI binding to liver cell proteins, causing widespread hepatocellular necrosis and severe liver damage.

Question 5

Which medication functions as a proteasome inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

Bortezomib

Answer

Bortezomib is an antineoplastic agent that functions as a proteasome inhibitor. It specifically targets and reversibly inhibits the 26S proteasome, a multi-protein complex responsible for degrading ubiquitinated proteins within cells. By inhibiting the proteasome, bortezomib disrupts protein homeostasis, leading to the accumulation of misfolded proteins and ultimately inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, particularly in multiple myeloma.

MACE - Exam Prep Practice Test

MACE - Exam Prep Practice Test

FREE MACE Pharmacology Question And Answers