CLE Anatomy & Physiology of Lactation

Question 1

Which hormone is primarily responsible for milk ejection (let-down reflex)?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Oxytocin is the hormone primarily responsible for the milk ejection reflex, also known as let-down. It causes the myoepithelial cells surrounding the milk-producing alveoli to contract, squeezing milk into the ducts and making it available to the infant. While prolactin stimulates milk production, oxytocin facilitates its release.

Question 2

Where does milk production occur within the breast?

Accepted Answer

Alveoli

Answer

Within the breast, milk production occurs in tiny, grape-like clusters of specialized cells called alveoli. These glandular cells synthesize milk from components in the mother's blood. The milk then collects in the lumen of the alveoli before being released into the duct system.

Question 3

What triggers the production of prolactin during breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

Infant suckling

Answer

The primary trigger for prolactin production during breastfeeding is the infant's suckling at the breast. This sensory input sends signals to the mother's anterior pituitary gland, which then releases prolactin. Prolactin is the hormone responsible for stimulating the mammary glands to synthesize milk.

Question 4

Which structure carries milk from the alveoli to the nipple?

Accepted Answer

Lactiferous ducts

Answer

After milk is produced in the alveoli, it travels through a network of small tubes called lactiferous ducts. These ducts converge and become larger, eventually carrying the milk to the nipple openings. This system ensures efficient transport of milk from its production site to the feeding infant.

Question 5

What role do myoepithelial cells play in lactation?

Accepted Answer

Contract to eject milk

Answer

Myoepithelial cells are specialized cells that surround the alveoli and line the lactiferous ducts. When stimulated by oxytocin, these cells contract, squeezing the milk out of the alveoli and into the milk ducts. This action is essential for the milk ejection reflex, or 'let-down,' making milk available to the baby.

(CLE) Certified Lactation Educator Practice Test

(CLE) Certified Lactation Educator Practice Test

CLE Anatomy & Physiology of Lactation