AWS Weld Inspection & Quality Control

Question 1

What is the main purpose of visual inspection in welding?

Accepted Answer

Identify surface defects

Answer

Visual inspection is the most fundamental and often the first non-destructive testing (NDT) method applied to welds. Its primary purpose is to detect and evaluate surface discontinuities such as cracks, porosity, undercut, and incorrect weld size or profile that are visible to the naked eye or with simple magnification. This initial check helps ensure the weld meets specified quality standards before further, more complex inspections.

Question 2

Which tool is commonly used in weld visual inspection?

Accepted Answer

Weld gauge

Answer

A weld gauge is a specialized measuring tool designed specifically for inspecting various dimensions of a weld. It can accurately measure parameters such as fillet weld leg length, throat thickness, undercut depth, crown height, and porosity size. This makes it an essential tool for visual inspection to ensure welds conform to specified dimensions and quality standards.

Question 3

What is the purpose of radiographic testing (RT) in weld inspection?

Accepted Answer

Find internal defects

Answer

Radiographic testing (RT) is a non-destructive testing method that uses X-rays or gamma rays to penetrate the weld material. By analyzing the resulting image (radiograph), inspectors can detect internal discontinuities such as porosity, inclusions, lack of fusion, and internal cracks that are not visible on the surface. This method provides a permanent record of the weld's internal integrity.

Question 4

Which defect appears as a gap at the weld root?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete penetration

Answer

Incomplete penetration, also known as lack of penetration, occurs when the weld metal fails to extend through the full thickness of the joint. This results in a gap or unfused area at the root of the weld, significantly reducing the strength and integrity of the joint. It is a critical defect that can lead to premature failure under stress.

Question 5

Which NDT method uses sound waves to detect weld flaws?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasonic testing

Answer

Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a non-destructive testing method that uses high-frequency sound waves to detect internal and surface flaws in materials. A transducer emits sound waves into the weld, and by analyzing the reflected echoes, inspectors can determine the location, size, and type of discontinuities such as cracks, voids, and inclusions. This method is highly effective for detecting subsurface defects.

AWS Practice Test

AWS Practice Test

AWS Weld Inspection & Quality Control