ADAT Dental Pharmacology

Question 1

Which local anesthetic has the longest duration of action and is most commonly used for prolonged dental procedures?

Accepted Answer

Bupivacaine

Answer

Bupivacaine has the longest duration of action among local anesthetics used in dentistry, making it ideal for lengthy procedures.

Question 2

What is the maximum safe dose of lidocaine with epinephrine for a healthy adult patient?

Accepted Answer

7.0 mg/kg up to 500 mg

Answer

The maximum safe dose of lidocaine with epinephrine is 7.0 mg/kg with an absolute maximum of 500 mg in healthy adults.

Question 3

Which analgesic is contraindicated in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD)?

Accepted Answer

NSAIDs

Answer

NSAIDs, including aspirin and ibuprofen, are contraindicated in AERD because they can trigger severe bronchospasm.

Question 4

What is the mechanism of action of penicillin antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding PBPs

Answer

Penicillins bind penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and inhibit transpeptidation, disrupting bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Question 5

Which drug interaction is most clinically significant when prescribing metronidazole to a dental patient?

Accepted Answer

Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol

Answer

Metronidazole inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase, causing a disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, nausea, vomiting) when combined with alcohol.

Advanced Dental Admission Test (ADAT) Practice Test