OTEE General Science Principles 3

Question 1

On the periodic table, elements in the same vertical column (group) share which characteristic?

Accepted Answer

The same number of valence electrons

Answer

Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, giving them similar chemical properties.

Question 2

In an ionic bond, what happens to electrons?

Accepted Answer

One atom transfers electrons to another

Answer

In ionic bonding, one atom donates electrons to another, creating oppositely charged ions that attract each other.

Question 3

A solution with a pH of 3 is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Strongly acidic

Answer

pH values below 7 indicate acidic solutions; pH 3 is strongly acidic because each unit below 7 represents a tenfold increase in acidity.

Question 4

In a chemical reaction, the Law of Conservation of Mass requires that:

Accepted Answer

Total mass of reactants equals total mass of products

Answer

The Law of Conservation of Mass states that matter is neither created nor destroyed, so reactant mass equals product mass.

Question 5

Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?

Accepted Answer

Liquid

Answer

Liquids have a fixed volume but take the shape of their container because their particles can flow past one another.

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