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Patient Assessment and Evaluation Flashcards

7 cards from real OSCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

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  1. In an OSCE focused history station, a patient describes pain that is 'burning' in the epigastrium, worse 2–3 hours after meals, and relieved by antacids. The most likely underlying diagnosis is:

    Answer: Duodenal ulcer

    Duodenal ulcers classically cause burning epigastric pain that worsens when the stomach is empty (2–3 hours post-meal) and is relieved by food or antacids.

  2. When examining cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), asking the patient to 'show me your teeth' primarily tests which branch?

    Answer: Marginal mandibular branch

    The marginal mandibular branch innervates the muscles of the lower lip and chin; showing teeth tests the lower face, which is supplied by this branch.

  3. A patient in the OSCE has a blood pressure of 88/60 mmHg, heart rate of 118 bpm, respiratory rate of 22 breaths/min, and temperature of 38.8°C after a presumed infection. How many SIRS criteria does this patient meet?

    Answer: 3

    SIRS criteria include HR >90, RR >20, temp >38°C or 12,000 or <4,000; this patient meets HR, RR, and temperature — 3 of 4 criteria.

  4. During a musculoskeletal OSCE, a patient with rheumatoid arthritis is found to have swan-neck deformity. Which joint position characterizes this deformity?

    Answer: PIP hyperextension with DIP flexion

    Swan-neck deformity involves hyperextension at the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint and flexion at the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint.

  5. In a focused abdominal examination, you elicit Murphy's sign. This finding suggests pathology in which organ?

    Answer: Gallbladder

    Murphy's sign — arrest of inspiration during deep palpation of the right upper quadrant — is a classic sign of acute cholecystitis affecting the gallbladder.

  6. An OSCE patient describes seeing flashing lights (photopsia) followed by a unilateral 'curtain coming down' over their vision. This presentation is most consistent with:

    Answer: Retinal detachment

    Photopsia followed by a progressive visual field loss described as a curtain is classic for retinal detachment, an ophthalmological emergency.

  7. When assessing fluid status, which combination of clinical findings best indicates hypovolemia?

    Answer: Postural hypotension, tachycardia, and dry mucous membranes

    Postural hypotension (drop in BP on standing), compensatory tachycardia, and dry mucous membranes are hallmark signs of intravascular volume depletion.

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