Clinical Procedures and Protocols Flashcards
7 cards from real OSCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Clinical Procedures and Protocols flashcards as text
When performing an ophthalmoscopy in an OSCE, what finding on fundoscopy is characteristic of raised intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Answer: Papilloedema (disc swelling with blurred margins)
Papilloedema — disc swelling with blurred disc margins — is the hallmark fundoscopic sign of raised intracranial pressure.
A peripheral IV cannula site appears swollen, pale, and cool to the touch, and infusion feels resistant. What complication has occurred?
Answer: Extravasation / infiltration
Extravasation (infiltration) occurs when IV fluid leaks into surrounding subcutaneous tissue, causing swelling, pallor, and coolness.
When suturing a laceration under local anaesthesia, the patient reports sharp pain despite adequate time after infiltration. What is the most likely reason?
Answer: The tissue is still acidotic (e.g., infected/inflamed), reducing anaesthetic efficacy
Local anaesthetics are less effective in acidic environments (infected or inflamed tissue) because the ionised form cannot penetrate nerve membranes.
During peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measurement, which instruction to the patient is INCORRECT?
Answer: Exhale slowly and steadily over 6 seconds
PEFR measures the peak (maximum) speed of exhalation, requiring a single maximal forced blast — not a slow steady exhalation.
A patient requires subcutaneous (SC) insulin injection. Which site has the FASTEST absorption rate?
Answer: Abdomen (periumbilical region)
The abdomen has the fastest insulin absorption due to higher vascularity and blood flow in the subcutaneous layer compared to other sites.
When performing a 12-lead ECG, where is the V4 chest lead correctly positioned?
Answer: 5th intercostal space, midclavicular line
V4 is placed at the 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line, serving as an anatomical anchor for the left precordial leads.
A patient is on oxygen via a simple face mask at 6 L/min. What approximate FiO2 is being delivered?
Answer: 35–50%
A simple face mask at 6–10 L/min delivers approximately 35–50% FiO2, depending on flow rate and the patient's respiratory pattern.
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