OSAT Social Studies and Government Flashcards

Which term describes the tendency for a nation to export goods it can produce at a lower relative cost and import goods that other nations produce more efficiently?

Answer: Comparative advantage

Comparative advantage is the economic principle that nations benefit by specializing in goods they produce at lower opportunity costs and trading for others.

The three branches of Oklahoma's state government mirror the federal model and include executive, legislative, and:

Answer: Judicial

Like the federal government, Oklahoma's state government has three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

Primary source documents differ from secondary sources because they:

Answer: Provide firsthand accounts from the time period being studied

Primary sources are original, firsthand materials created at the time of an event, such as diaries, letters, photographs, or government documents.

The concept of 'federalism' in the U.S. system refers to:

Answer: The division of power between the national and state governments

Federalism is the constitutional division of governing powers between the national (federal) government and the individual state governments.

Which of the following best describes the economic term 'inflation'?

Answer: A sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services

Inflation is a general and sustained rise in the price level of goods and services, which reduces the purchasing power of money.

The Reconstruction era following the Civil War was primarily aimed at:

Answer: Reintegrating Southern states into the Union and defining rights for freed enslaved people

Reconstruction (1865–1877) focused on reuniting the nation, rebuilding the South's economy, and establishing civil and political rights for formerly enslaved African Americans.

A lobbyist's primary role in the U.S. political system is to:

Answer: Influence legislators to support policies favored by their clients or organizations

Lobbyists advocate for specific interests—corporations, nonprofits, or issue groups—by attempting to persuade legislators to pass or oppose certain legislation.