Orthopaedic Nurse Test Musculoskeletal Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

Which type of fracture is characterized by the bone being crushed or compressed, commonly seen in vertebral injuries?

Answer: Compression fracture

A compression fracture occurs when bone is crushed under excessive axial force, frequently affecting vertebral bodies in osteoporotic patients.

The median nerve passes through which anatomical tunnel at the wrist?

Answer: Carpal tunnel

The median nerve travels through the carpal tunnel at the wrist; compression here causes carpal tunnel syndrome.

Which anatomical landmark is used to identify the greater trochanter of the femur during assessment?

Answer: Bony prominence felt on the lateral proximal thigh

The greater trochanter is palpated as a bony prominence on the lateral aspect of the proximal femur and serves as a landmark for hip assessment.

Wolff's Law states that bone will adapt its structure in response to which factor?

Answer: Mechanical loads placed upon it

Wolff's Law states that bone remodels and strengthens in response to mechanical stress, which is why weight-bearing exercise improves bone density.

Which ligament of the knee prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur?

Answer: Anterior cruciate ligament

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) resists anterior tibial translation and rotational forces, making it a critical stabilizer of the knee.

The 'unhappy triad' knee injury involves damage to which three structures?

Answer: ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus

The unhappy triad (O'Donoghue triad) involves simultaneous injury to the ACL, MCL, and medial meniscus, typically from a valgus force to the knee.