Orthopaedic Nurse Test Orthopaedic Nurse Test Musculoskeletal Anatomy & Physiology 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones in synovial joints?
- Fibrocartilage
- Elastic cartilage
- Hyaline cartilage (Correct answer)
- Yellow cartilage
Correct answer: Hyaline cartilage
Hyaline cartilage covers articular surfaces in synovial joints, providing a smooth, low-friction surface for movement.
Question 2: The rotator cuff of the shoulder is composed of which four muscles?
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis (Correct answer)
- Deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major
- Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major, subscapularis
- Deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
Correct answer: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
The rotator cuff consists of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis muscles, which stabilize the glenohumeral joint.
Question 3: Which bone is the largest and strongest bone in the human body?
- Tibia
- Humerus
- Femur (Correct answer)
- Pelvis
Correct answer: Femur
The femur (thigh bone) is the longest and strongest bone in the human body, bearing full body weight during ambulation.
Question 4: The Lachman test is used to assess the integrity of which structure?
- Posterior cruciate ligament
- Medial collateral ligament
- Anterior cruciate ligament (Correct answer)
- Lateral meniscus
Correct answer: Anterior cruciate ligament
The Lachman test evaluates anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) integrity by assessing anterior tibial translation with the knee at 20–30° of flexion.
Question 5: Which term describes the bone-forming cells responsible for synthesizing bone matrix?
- Osteoclasts
- Osteocytes
- Chondrocytes
- Osteoblasts (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that synthesize and secrete the organic components of bone matrix, including type I collagen.
Question 6: The menisci of the knee serve which primary function?
- Connect the femur to the tibia
- Produce synovial fluid
- Absorb shock and distribute load across the knee joint (Correct answer)
- Prevent posterior tibial displacement
Correct answer: Absorb shock and distribute load across the knee joint
The medial and lateral menisci act as shock absorbers and load distributors, reducing stress on articular cartilage within the knee joint.
Orthopaedic Nurse Test Orthopaedic Nurse Test Musculoskeletal Anatomy & Physiology 1
Which type of cartilage covers the articulating surfaces of bones in synovial joints?